Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

Latest Update from Swachh Bharat Abhiyan - The Ministry of Finance announced in February 2021 that Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban) 2.0 will be launched as part of the “Health and Wellness” vertical. SBM-U phase II will have a new wastewater treatment component, including the management of faecal sludge in all urban area bodies (ULBs) of less than 10,000 inhabitants.
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan The essay given below will be useful for IAS exam candidates.

What is Swachh Bharat Abhiyan?
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is one of the most important and popular missions in the history of India. This campaign was introduced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and was launched on October 2, 2014 to honor Mahatma Gandhi's vision of a clean country.

Note: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi received the Global Goalkeeper Award from the Gates Foundation for the initiative of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan on September 25, 2019 in New York.
Initially, this Swachh Bharat Abhiyan campaign was carried out at the national level in all cities, rural and urban areas.

This essay on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan provides relevant details about Swachh Bharat Abhiyan's campaign and will be useful for candidates for various exams like banking exams and government exams.

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan – UPSC Notes:-Download PDF Here

Do you know about the campaigns under Swachh Bharat Mission? These are:

1. ‘Plastic se Raksha’
2. ‘Swachhta Pakhwada’
3. ‘Swachhta Shramdaan’
4. ‘Swachhta hee Seva’

Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban) 2.0

The government in the Union Budget 2021 allocated Rs 1,41,678 crores for the Swachh Bharat Mission (U) 2.0. The components of SBM-Urban 2.0 are:

1. New component – Wastewater treatment, including faecal sludge management in all ULBs with less than 1 lakh population
2. Sustainable sanitation (construction of toilets)
3. Solid Waste Management
4. Information, Education and Communication, and
5. Capacity building

Achievements expected out of SBM-Urban 2.0:

1. ODF+ certification to all statutory towns.
2. ODF++ certification to all statutory towns with less than 1 lakh population.
3. Water+ certification to half of all the statutory towns with less than 1 lakh population.
4. Rating of at least 3-star Garbage Free to all statutory towns as per Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA’s) Star Rating Protocol for Garbage Free cities.
5. Bio-remediation of all legacy dumpsites.

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Objective

The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan's main goal is to raise public awareness about the significance of cleanliness.

The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan aims to provide everyone with basic sanitation services such as toilets, solid and liquid waste disposal systems, village cleanliness, and safe and sufficient drinking water.

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Action Plan

The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation has put out the action plan for the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. By 2019, the goal is to increase the sanitation capacity. Making India Open Defecation Free (ODF) is the most significant improvement to be undertaken.

Action Plan Highlights:

By 2019, increase the percentage of toilets on the rise from 3% to 10%.
Toilet construction has increased from 14000 to 48000 every day.
Launch of a national/state-level media campaign to transmit the message of awareness using audio-visual, mobile phone, and local programmes.
School students are involved in initiatives to raise awareness about water, sanitation, and hygiene.

Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban) 1.0

Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban), which is part of the Ministry of Urban Development, is tasked with providing sanitation and home toilet facilities to all 4041 statutory towns, which have a combined population of 377 million people.
The total cost is anticipated to be Rs 62,009 crore over five years, with the government contributing Rs 14,623 crore.
The goal of the Mission is to reach 1.04 crore homes and provide 2.5 lakh community toilet seats and 2.6 lakh public toilet seats.
It also suggests that solid waste management facilities be established in each town.

At the core of this mission lie six components:

1. Individual household toilets;
2. Community toilets;
3. Public toilets;
4. Municipal Solid Waste Management;
5. Information and Education Communication (IEC) and Public Awareness;
6. Capacity Building

• The objective of the Urban Clean India campaign is to eliminate open defecation, convert insanitary toilets to flush toilets, eliminate manual scavenging, and improve solid waste management in India.
• The mission focuses on instilling good sanitation practises in people by educating them about the negative consequences of open defecation, the environmental threats that dispersed rubbish poses, and so on.
• To attain these goals, urban local governments are being enlisted and strengthened to create, implement, and run systems that foster a more conducive climate for private sector engagement in capital and operations spending.

Swachh Bharat Mission (Rural)

• Swachh Bharat Gramin, the rural mission, intends to eliminate open defecation in Village Panchayats by October 2, 2019.
• The main emphasis of this rural sanitation mission is to remove hurdles and solve crucial issues that impact outcomes, with the goal of providing individual latrines to all rural homes and building cluster and communal toilets through a public-private collaboration.
• Because of the dirt and unsanitary circumstances in country schools, this initiative places a specific emphasis on providing toilets in schools with inadequate sanitation facilities.
• The Clean India mission's goal is to build Anganwadi toilets and manage solid and liquid waste in all Village Panchayats.

Ranking of cities

Every year, cities and towns across India are awarded the title of ‘Swachh Cities’ based on their cleanliness and sanitation drive as a part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan that was launched in 2014.

Highlights

• Indore in Madhya Pradesh is the cleanest city in India and Gonda in Uttar Pradesh is the dirtiest 4,444 Out of the 10 cleanest cities, 2 are in Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh, while Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Delhi and Maharashtra, each city ​​has
• out of 10 dirtiest cities, Uttar Pradesh has 5 cities each from Bihar and Punjab and one of Maharashtra cities
• 118 out of 500 cities found to be free of indiscriminate defecation (ODF) )
• 297 cities with 100% home collection
• 37 Lakh citizens have shown interest in Swachh Surveksan
• There are 404 cities where 75% of residential areas were found to be remarkably clean
• Gujarat has at least 12 cities out of 50 cleanest cities, followed by Madhya Pradesh with 11 and Andhra Pradesh with eight

According to the survey of the 50 best clean cities:

• Gujarat has a maximum of 12 cities, followed by
• Madhya Pradesh with 11 and
• 8 in Andhra Pradesh
• Telangana and Tamil Nadu represent 4 cities, each the next city is
• Maharashtra with 3 cities
• Note: The 2021 ranking is yet to be announced. It will be released after Swachh Survekshan 2021 ends (February 1 - February 15, 2021.)

 Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Essay- Conclusion

This essay on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan throws light on some important aspects given below:

• Sanitation should be considered a life cycle issue and therefore it is important to provide sanitary facilities at work, education and in other public spaces.
• It requires investing in the right place, at the right time, and with the best fit. Time is running out and the 150th anniversary of Mahatma's birth is not far away.
• SBM shouldn't become another government program that first makes the right noise and then quietly dies when the spotlight fades.
• SBM certainly has big goals and objectives, financial, implementation and awareness issues need to be properly addressed, all Indians need to participate and communicate behavioral changes in the literate and illiterate in the direction of cleanliness.

SBM – Facts for UPSC

• Under the Swachh Bharat Mission, a specific clean-up project focusing on 100 major historic, spiritual, and cultural sites across the country has been decided.
• The goal of this effort is to turn these 100 locations into model "Swachh Tourist Destinations," enhancing the experience of tourists from India and outside.

• The following prominent locations were chosen for a thorough clean up as part of Phase 1 of this initiative:

1. Vaishno Devi: Jammu and Kashmir
2. Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus: Maharashtra
3. TajMahal: Uttar Pradesh
4. Tirupati Temple: Andhra Pradesh
5. Golden Temple: Punjab
6. ManikarnikaGhat: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
7. Ajmer Sharif Dargah: Rajasthan
8. Meenakshi Temple: Tamil Nadu
9. Kamakhya Temple: Assam
10.  Jagannath Puri: Odisha

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan – UPSC Notes:-Download PDF Here